Plantation Forests

Plantation forests have been called biological deserts Stephens and Wagner 2007 and some. Distinct from active tree-planting trees are allowed to grow back spontaneously or with limited human intervention on land.

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To do so however it is important that forest plantations be managed in accordance with a defined end-use objective.

Plantation forests. A forest plantation is a grouping of a single species of tree all of the same age planted by humans. Plantation forests can provide most goods and services that are provided by natural forests. MoEF statistics include loss in natural and plantation forests while UMD includes only primary forests the equivalent of MoEFs natural forest area.

The method described by Tree is known as natural forest regeneration. Despite their relatively small extent at the global scale plantation forests are the focus of much debate regarding forest sustainability and biodiversity conservation. Plantation forests contributed an average of 351 percent of total household income in wealthier households and 279 percent of.

We define plantation forestsasforests pre- dominantly composed of trees established through planting andor deliberate seeding and which are being actively managed for provisioning services climate regulation or both. In addition to such services plantation forests provide direct and indirect benefits to biodiversity via the provision of forest habitat for a wide range of species and by reducing negative impacts on natural forests by offsetting the need to extract resources. Grassland and shrubland to plantation cases came from a variety of locations including northern southern and eastern Europe Africa New Zealand Jordan and South America as did primary forest to plantation cases including Australia South America Africa southern and northern Europe and Hawaii.

Trees in a plantation forest are usually planted uniformly in rows to maximize the sites growing space and resources to. Plantation forests are a type of managed forest in which the trees are planted as opposed to naturally regenerated of the same age and generally of the same species and are intended to maximize the production of wood fiber. Examples include the New Forest UK parts of the Black Forest Germany parts of the Forèt de Compiégne France and almost all the forests of Denmark.

Artificially reconstructed forests play a critical role in improving the environment promoting industrial restructuring and alleviating timber supply pressure The rise of the 20 th century brought rapid development in the industrial world. Plantation many old and famous forests in Europe appear natural and reveal few signs of their planted origin. Kanowski 1997 argued that complex plantation forestry is.

Introduction Cultivating plantations is an effective way to preserve and protect natural forest resources. Plantation forestry based on successful breeding of superior tree genotypes is becoming more widely used by international forestry companies since it offers the possibility to grow and manage forests of high economic value and superior quality. Sound forest plantation management tree improvement and silviculture can sustain andor enhance productivity of forest plantations.

There is no internationally agreed definition of forest plantations although the. Typically these areas are poor for biodiversity as you dont get much variation and growing space for the likes of mushrooms berries and flowers and little nesting space for birds. Thus the race of vast accumulation of.

Plantation forests increased by nearly 500 from 32000 ha to 190000 ha while natural forests expanded by 481 from 538000 ha to 797000 ha. For sure they do not have the qualities of a natural. The majority of the MoEF decline was in plantation areas.

These include timber nontimber forest products protection of clean water and clean air soil erosion control biodiversity esthetics carbon sequestration and climate control. However a number of highly desirable traits are not readily available in the breeding population and may be introduced using desirable genes from other organisms. Forest plantations can provide critical environmental social and economic benefits.

Plantation forestry while still having a relatively intensive management regime attempts to include other land uses and values within plantation boundaries and aims 10 produce goods and services in addition 10 wood products. Using only natural forests MoEF data shows a 38 decline much closer to.

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